Laser Printing
The print is formed as follows: a laser beam illuminates the points on the photoreceptor drum that correspond to the symbols to be printed. The points acquire an electric charge and subsequently, tiny particles of powdered ink (toner) stick to them. The toner is transferred from the drum onto the paper and fixed on it when heated up to +200˚ C.
Characteristic features of the print:
- strokes are lumpy in dark areas of the image and shiny in oblique light;
- parched toner particles are scattered chaotically along the contours of letters and digits forming a halo around them;
- toner particles appear on the non-printed areas of the substrate;
- color and monochrome halftone images have a regular bitmap structure.
a
b
c
d
Fig. 1. Moldova. Passport issued in 2009:
a — data page. Paper substrate; b — the same. Zoomed fragment of personalization data Text. Monochrome laser printing. A halo of melted black toner particles at the edges of the stroke; c — holder's portrait. Full-color printing; d — the same. Zoomed fragment. The print has a bitmap structure in the form of a rosette. The rosette is formed by elements of cyan, magenta, yellow and black (CMYK) colors