Hologram / Kinegram
A diffractive optically variable device. The holographic image is formed by diffraction and refraction of light on gratings and changes at different angles of illumination and observation (fig. 1–6).
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b
Fig. 1. Effect of image movement: the digital symbol of the nominal is moving in the horizontal direction.
50 Yuan Renminbi (1999):
a – view at right angles; b – view of the tilted banknote
Security features:
- Changing of the image colour at different angles of illumination and observation (fig. 2);
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Fig. 2. Effect of colour changing. 1 000 Danish Kroner (2009):
a – view at right angles; b – view of the tilted banknote
- changing of images at different angles of illumination and observation (kinetic effect) (fig. 3);
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Fig. 3. Image changing (rotation). 200 Croatian Kuna (2002):
a – view at right angles; b – view of the tilted banknote
- pseudovolume effects, images visually perceptible as located at different depth (fig. 4);
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Fig. 4. Pseudovolume effect. The bird seems to move behind the portrait.
100 Gambian Dalasis (2010):
a – view at right angles; b – view of the tilted banknote
- Microtexts and nanotexts (fig. 5);
- Latent images visualized by a laser beam using special devices;
- Laser demetalization (fig. 6).
Fig. 5. Microtexts. 50 Danish Kroner (2009)
Fig. 6. Demetalization. 20 Euro (2002)